Water
scarcity People who live in the comfort of the great
cities see the water scarcity as a very distant reality. He is not toa that the TV shows with frequency women loading, water bucket during kilometers in the hinterland. The habits of consumption and
form where the
population of the great metropolises lives are directly on to the water scarcity in the sertões. The reason is simple: innumerable products used and vendidos in supermarkets nor always are produced of legal form, attacking almost always the
environment. The disordered action of the water exploration to irrigate the plantations, that if they locate well distant of the cities finishes attacking the environment. The urban population is responsible for this action, delayed banns wastes water, alem to provoke the increase of the energy consumption. With this one becomes necessary to construct new barrages of hidroelétricas. Hídrico Estresse The necessity of these actions is natural factors - as the climatic rain lack and other conditions. In the half-barren regions of the necessary planet and to walk kilometers in the water search to drink. This problem normally reaches the women, who are almost always responsible for this water search. Normally these women walk about six kilometers per day, carrying twenty liters from water. These are populations that live in the call estresse hídrico, are the scarce rain combination, high demographic
growth, wastefulness and pollution of the
sources.
Goals of the milênio
With the water scarcity, measures had been taken by the coordination of the ONU in the year of 2000, being that 191 nations had had that to reduce the poverty, the hunger, infantile mortality, the illnesses and the ambient degradation in the world up to 2015. With the intention to revert this picture in the year of 2005 the ONU established objectives, to reduce for the half the world-wide population without drinking waters. Of the countries established inside of this goal, the majority kills the possibilities to fulfill these objectives. The main exception is Africa Subssariana, where the economic and cultural barriers make it difficult the growth of the sanitation. The biggest problem faced in this and other regions, and of collection and the treatment of sewer, services that still remain in unacceptable levels. The investment level has been very low between years 1990 and 2002, if the same to remain thus the goals will not be reached, considering that the inhabitants without service of sewer in the year of 2015 will be the same ones of today, already considering the population growth. With the water lack about 10 million children attacks of diarréia and others die per year males. This index alone tends to increase, being that the half of the hospital internments in the world results of problems caused for the water scarcity. Urbanization
The necessities of supplying in the taps of the population anger to enter in conflict in the next decades. The increase foreseen for the future of the cities will have many implications in the hídrico planning. The services of sanitation in the cities have grown of unsustainable form, not following the demographic growth. Because of the emptyings and of other problems technician about 40% of the water its destination does not arrive. One of the solutions proposals is of becomes the use of the more economic hídricos resources and to establish an adequate price to the supplying of all population. To save the water means to reduce costs. If it will not be taken in account the ambient problems will have two risks: the extreme exploration and the pollution of the sources. With this lack of concern of the environment in five years about one terço of the reserves already had been ahead reduced. Currently the energy consumed in the planet comes from sources did not renew, as the natural gas and the oil. Well possible È that in the year of 2030 the world-wide consumption of energy is superior 60%. To cover this necessity, the construction of new hidrelétricas plants will be necessary, that are clean power plants, but can cause damages to the aquatic environment of the rivers and to the local populations if they will not be planned of adequate form.
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