The Islamic Empire conquered peoples as
far north as Syria and Iraq, as far east as the Indus River, as far west as Morocco and Spain, and southward to Chad and Sudan. This spread was quite rapid, and in each
new location, Arabs encountered speakers of other languages, many of whom had urgent reason to acquire the conquering
language quickly, especially since it was the means to understand a successfully imposed religion. These events indicate that a millennium and a half later, the Arabic
spoken natively in these locations would turn out to be markedly streamlined compared to the language spoken by the nomads of the 7th century. This chapter argues that this is exactly what happened to Arabic across the Islamic Empire.
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