LOGICAL THEORY THEM SIGNS
VALENTE, NELSON (*)
1,
SIGN - according to Charles Sanders Peirce, what it represents some thing for somebody, under prism is determined. The represented thing calls it object. The first sign calls REPRESENTAMEN. It creates in the mind of the person, which is directed as emission, a sign equivalent proper itself. The flower that exists in the world independe of my will. The word flower (or to flower, or fleur, or fiore) is a sign generated for the first sign that is the flower. This another sign, more developed than representamen, calls it Peirce interpreter. Sign elapses new triádica
relation -/object/interpreter, as below:
interpreter SIGN
object Between sign-interpreter and interpreter-object, the relations are causal. Already between sign and object it does not have relation of relevancy, because arbitrary. The sign does not belong to the object, the object does not belong to the sign. He elapses that the interpreter starts to function as the key of the relation (inexistent) sign and object. The three entities form the triádica relation of the sign. Peirce configures the word sign in a wide and very elastic meaning. It can be a word, an action, a thought or any thing that admit an interpreter, with which keeps a relation of double term. From an interpreter, and for cause of it, a sign becomes possible. Nor interpreter, nor sign, are contained in the primeiridade or the segundidade. As logical category, both are included in the terceiridade. 2, Peirce conceives the
SIGNS in three ample divisions: ICON, INDEX and SYMBOL. From the exemplificação below, the induction of the concepts. Thus: the fingerprint in the identity card (ICON), the fingerprint of the thief (INDEX) or the fingerprint, as
SYMBOL of campaign in favor of the alfabetização (SYMBOL). ICON is a sign that is an image. It is characterized for a similarity association, independe of the object that gave origin to it, wants if it deals with real or inexistent thing. INDEX is a sign that is a pointer. One becomes related effectively with the object, for proximity. What the attention in an object awakes, in a fact, it is its index. It allows, for consequence way, the proximity between two experiences or two portions of one same experience. SYMBOL is the sign that is an abstraction of a concrete. The object is mentioned to it that it denotes in virtue of a law, and therefore, arbitrary and it is stipulated. The possible significant connection between meaning and does not depend on the presence (or absence) of some similitude. While the index defines proximity, the symbol, not. Basic in the sign that is a symbol happens in its definitively conventional character. This is the triádica division of the signs, according to Peirce. 3. The sign presents, still three basic sub-categories. To leave of this new triádica proposal, C. S. Peirce conceives that all the sign, in proper itself, can be 1) mere quality; 2) concrete existence; or 3) general law. QUALI-SIGNO is all sign that is a quality. As such, semanticamente, a determinative one. The blue one is a determinative one (quality) of color. SIN-SIGNO is all the sign that is an existing thing, a real event. In principle, it involves some quali-signs (or it allows some determinative ones). The
red is addition of the red quali-signs (that it is a color, that is prohibition signal, that is signal of alert, that it is danger signal). The red is the proper sign of itself (sin-sign), somatório of all the red quali-signs). A word, as such is its sin-sign. LEGI-SIGNO is the sign that is a law. The red as it stops, in the visual codification of the transit laws, is a legi-sign. However, legi-sign without previous sin-signs inexists. The red exists before as sin-sign, before being a transit law.
(*)VALENTE,Nelson
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