Imagine Superman described by Plato or Batman discussed by Aristotle. “Superheroes and Philosophy: Truth, Justice and the Socratic Way” provides an in-depth philosophical analysis of costumed crusaders. This compilation of essays presents scholarly commentaries on an array of crime fighters, some “born” over 40 years ago. Readers of comic books might not deliberate whether the Hulk and Bruce Banner are two entities, or consider Batgirl’s metamorphosis into Oracle. Yet, for those who want to delve into the deeper issues, this text provides some answers. Batman’s actions as a vigilante and rule-breaker engender questions. Superman’s motivation to assist the citizens of Earth provokes speculation. More recent creations, such as the “Watchmen,” cause further examination of issues such as vigilantism and morality. Family structure and moral strength seem symbolized by the “Fantastic Four.” Important members of the “X-Men,” Storm, Jean Grey and Mystique easily undergo philosophical scrutiny. Some of the essayists review plot points, useful for readers unfamiliar with certain stories. These segments reveal characters’ histories and when, why and how they evolved into their current character. In this, and other ways, the book’s content extends beyond what might be expected. One writer states that superhero tales do not involve religious elements. However, a number of the book’s essays bring religion into the discussion. Mixing religion and a class of characters whose stories have been traditionally secular seems odd. Most essays focus on the motivations of the comic book characters, revealing the conflicts within, such as the limits of responsibility vs. self-preservation. Comparisons are made to classical Greek literature, and the struggle between the quest for power and moral constraint. Super-empowered humans and super-powered aliens appear to have the same difficulty, that of weighing the consequences of their actions. The book reminds us that the flawed nature of powerful beings makes them relatable and popular. “Superheroes and Philosophy” explains that despite their juvenile veneer, superhero tales have depth and may hold lessons applicable to our reality.
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