The Uighur social and economic documents discovered in Turpan,Yarkend,Hami of Xinjiang Uighur automatic Region and Dunhuang of Gansu Province,etc. are preserved in various countries, such as China, Germany, England, France, Russian, Japan, Turkey, Finland.As dis- tinguished from Buddhist or other religious documents, these secular papers, in particularly juridical materials,including contracts and similar type of written evidence, as well as official or private records, are valuable for the study of the Uighur history of culture,social relations,economy,rela- tionship between various nationalities, and custom. Since the end of the 19th century and the beginning of the 20th century,a majority of the Uighur social and economic documents have been published. We know that the collections throughout the world contain about 400 texts. Although certain errors were contained in previous publications, further research will be able to make corrections. Today, the study of Uighur texts has entered a new era.