MARITIME TRANSPORT
The development of trade is geared to the development of different types of transport, as the increase
in business led to the search for new means of transport.
Originally the traction was human, driven by the desire to take objects from one place to another, so using their own forces.
After the time and the changes that occurred in that period, the international transport followed these developments with increasing cargo ships pipeline linking continents, from north to south railroads and airlines throughout the world and waterways being viabilizadas everywhere for it by using the latest high technology
Due to its importance within the supply chain, the sector has received special attention to managerial level, because the cost of that part of the chain are quite relevant.
Among the advantages and disadvantages international maritime transport achieved a significant level of competitiveness because it is the most widely used among countries.
The body that regulates the industry is the IMO (International Maritime Organization). Fiscalizando security, environmental problems, pollution and conditions of vessels.
The classification of international transport can be divided into navigation of cabotage and international long distance (short course).
TYPES OF SHIPS
VESSEL TANQUES: for the transportation of oil and derivatives
TANKER: oil derivatives
CHEMICAL: chemical and bulk liquid
ULCC: tanker
SUEZMAX: oil, more or less one million barrels
PANAMAX: oil or derivatives, more or less 60 tonnes
OF PASSENGERS
PORT CONTAINER SHIP: used for general cargo
VESSEL RO-RO: transport of vehicles
VESSEL MULTI-PURPOSE: It has great flexibility
VESSEL GRANELEIRO: cargoes in bulk
VESSEL LASH: or door - barges
VESSEL REEFER: loads chilled
VESSEL GASEIRO: for the transport of gases
SHIP SEA-BEA: becomes for various purposes
VESSEL MADEIREIRO: transport of wood
TRAINING OF CARGO SHIPPING
Composed of more rates, which is charged to port to port, it is calculated by value, or cubagem weight of the goods.
Below are the elements that make up the cargo base, surcharge, ad valorem, fees for heavy and large volumes, on congestion rate, exchange rate adjustment, the additional port, additional risk (war).
PAYMENT OF CARGO
PREPAID FREIGHT: local boarding
FREIGHT PAIJABLE: paid by the importer
COLLECT FREIGHT: will be paid done anywhere
ACTORS AGENTS
OPERATOR: legal person that performs the transport
MARITIME AGENCY: is the owner and supervises the operations
NVOCC: carrier that is not the shipowner
CONSOLIDADOR OF CARGO: consolidate responsible for container storage and transport
CLP: Different types of loads and strategies of services
COMMISSIONER OF Order: It makes the order and release of the goods (person)
TRANSITION: door-door operations (international logistics).
PRATICAGEM: Tracks across the path through the ports.