The new test methods of the optimum-boundary form and the test-data processing are put forward and used for the first time with the shortest test length in the test (Sachs) of the residual stresses on the autofrettaged tube for saving the test material and achieving test precision and efficiency. Different boundary forms are designed and machined at the boundary between the test length (12 mm) and extended length of the autofrettaged tube. The optimum-boundary form H is chosen by testing and comparing it with the test data of the different boundary forms. The test influence on the Sachs due to the difference in concentricity, circular and thickness of the tube is avoided by processing the test-section data that is tested by sticking 4 pieces of strain flakes equally and symmetrically around the outside surface of the tube, taking the average test data at each test point along the radial of the tube in Sachs, which guarantees the accuracy and stability of the test data. So the real distribution of the residual stresses on the autofrettaged tube is tested accurately. The boundary-effect coeficients η are evaluated. The formulas about ηt and ηkc are set up. The boundary-effect influence is eliminated, test accuracy is improved by 5%-10%, test efficiency is raised by 13 times, and test material is saved by 75%.