Objective: To evaluate the clinical analgesic effect and adverse reactions of dihydrocodeine tartrate tablets. Methods: A multicenter, randomized, double blind, parallel group controlled study was performed in 64 patients with postoperative pain and 61 patients with cancer pain. Codeine phosphate tablets were used as positive control. The patients with post-operative pain were given single dose dihydrocodeine tartrate (30 mg) or codeine phosphate (30 mg) by means of double-blind methods. The patients with cancer pain were given dihydrocodeine (30-60 mg) or codeine phosphate (30-60 mg) 3 to 4 times daily for 3 to 7 days by means of double-blind methods. Results: In the controlled trial of postoperative pain patients, the PID of test group was greater than that of control group, there was significant difference between the two groups 1 h after administration (P<0.05) and 6 h after administration, there was significant difference between the two groups in 2-4 PAR(P<0.05). In the controlled trial of cancer pain patients, there was significant difference between the two groups in the mean weight (P<0.05). There was no significant difference between the two groups in clinical analgesic effect. The most common adverse reactions of both drugs were constipation, nausea and stomach upset. There was no significant difference in the incidence of them (P>0.05). Conclusion: Dihydrocodeine tartrate tablet is an effective and safe analgesic for moderate pain.