T-joints are widely used in ship manufacturing and other welding structures.The welding residual stress and
deformation
hare significant influence on failure and service life in welding structures.By us- ing of 3D thermal elasto - plastic FEM, the temperature fields,stress fields and
deformation of weld- ing processes on T - joints are analyzed in this paper.The moving heat source is considered in the com- putation. Moreover, weld metal filling and multiple - pass welding are simulated using activate/deac- tivate ability.For avoiding "locking" in full integration elements of welding computation,the re- duced intergration elements are used in weld area.The nonlinear FEM analysis program MARC is used to complete the computations, as well as its user subroutines that are programmed to develop the special techniques needed in the simulation of welding process.Some different welding procedures are com- pared, and the welding residual stress and deformation are discussed in details.