Creating energy
WHO NEEDS ENERGY?
Almost everything we do involves the use of energy. And most energy is used
in the form of
electricity. Factories, homes, offices, and schools use up large amounts of electricity for machines, for heating, and for lightening. Electric railways also use a lot of electricity. Electricity is produced by converting other kinds of energy.
HOW CAN WATER PRODUCE ELECTRICITY?
In a hydroelectric power station, flowing water is used to turn turbines, which are similar to waterwheels. The turbines spin generators and this produces electricity. To ensure a constant supply of flowing water, engineers build dams across the river valleys. The river water is held behind the dam, where it flows through pipes to the turbine generators.
HOW DOES AN ORIDINARY POWER STATION WORK?
The generators in an ordinary power station are turned by steam turbines. The steam is produced in a boiler, which is heated by burning coal, oil or gas. The voltage of the electricity produced is then
increased by transformers. This is because power lines work best with high voltage electricity. In towns and villages, transformers at substations convert the electricity back to the lower voltage of the electric mains supply.
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