.Essential
hypertension (1)Essential hypertension refers to
high blood
pressure with no identifiablecause.As blood ispumped through your
body, it exerts pressure on the walls of your arteries. Thesystolic blood pressure is the pressure against these walls when the heartcontracts, and the
diastolic blood pressure is the pressure when the heartrelaxes. When you get a blood pressure reading, you are told the systolicpressure/diastolic pressure.Forexample, normal blood pressure is below 120/80.High bloodpressure, also called hypertension, occurs when the systolic pressure isconsistently over 140 mm Hg, or the diastolic blood pressure is consistentlyover 90 mm Hg. Blood pressure is determined by the amount of blood pumped, bythe actions of the
heart, and by the size and condition of the arteries. Manyother factors can affect blood pressure including the water volume in the body;salt content of the body; condition of the
kidneys, nervous system, or bloodvessels; and various hormone levels in the body.Prehypertensionis when your systolic blood pressure is between 120 and 139 or your diastolicblood pressure is between 90 and 99. If you have prehypertension, you arelikely to develop high blood pressure at some point. Therefore, your doctor willrecommend lifestyle changes to bring your blood pressure down to normal ranges.Systolicblood pressure consistently over 140, or diastolic blood pressure consistentlyover 90, is considered hypertension. Your doctor will look for signs ofcomplications to your heart, kidneys, eyes, and other organs in your body.Multiplesystolic blood pressure readings between 130 and 139 or diastolic bloodpressure readings between 80 and 89 is called prehypertension. As part of yourtreatment, it is important to have your blood pressure checked by your doctorat regular intervals. Your doctor will tell you how often that needs to be.Bring thereadings to your doctor when you go for your visits.Many peopleneed 2 or more medications to control blood pressure.ssential hypertensionCauses, incidence, and risk factors Return to top As blood ispumped through your body, it exerts pressure on the walls of your arteries. Thesystolic blood pressure is the pressure against these walls when the heartcontracts, and the diastolic blood pressure is the pressure when the heartrelaxes. When you get a blood pressure reading, you are told the systolicpressure/diastolic pressure.Forexample, normal blood pressure is below 120/80.High bloodpressure, also called hypertension, occurs when the systolic pressure isconsistently over 140 mm Hg, or the diastolic blood pressure is consistentlyover 90 mm Hg. Blood pressure is determined by the amount of blood pumped, bythe actions of the heart, and by the size and condition of the arteries. Manyother factors can affect blood pressure including the water volume in the body;salt content of the body; condition of the kidneys, nervous system, or bloodvessels; and various hormone levels in the body.Prehypertensionis when your systolic blood pressure is between 120 and 139 or your diastolicblood pressure is between 90 and 99. If you have prehypertension, you arelikely to develop high blood pressure at some point. Therefore, your doctorwill recommend lifestyle changes to bring your blood pressure down to normalranges.Systolicblood pressure consistently over 140, or diastolic blood pressure consistentlyover 90, is considered hypertension. Your doctor will look for signs ofcomplications to your heart, kidneys, eyes, and other organs in your body.Multiplesystolic blood pressure readings between 130 and 139 or diastolic bloodpressure readings between 80 and 89 is called prehypertension. Treatment Returnto top As part ofyour treatment, it is important to have your blood pressure checked by yourdoctor at regular intervals. Your doctor will tell you how often that needs tobe.Bring thereadings to your doctor when you go for your visits.Many peopleneed 2 or more medications to control blood pressure.Thepressure is slowly let out of the cuff, and the professional listens over theartery with a stethoscope for the reappearance of the pulse (the pressure whichthey hear the beats of the pulse is called the systolic pressure) and thedisappearance of the sounds (the pressure at which this happens is called thediastolic pressure). Thesystolic pressure is the maximum pressure the heart achieves as it contracts toforce out the blood. The diastolic pressure is the lowest pressure the heartreaches, while it slowly refills before the next contraction. The machineprints out all the results, giving the highs, the lows, and the average (mean).If you havehypertension, your doctor will also want to check to make sure that there is noevidence of any harmful effects on the blood vessels in the back of your eyes,your kidneys, and your heart. Your doctor will arrange for a urine specimen tobe examined, and a blood test to be taken, to check on the kidneys and yourcholesterol level.
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