Alternative to supply the shortage of some energy sources. The
nuclear energy the application of the nuclear energy, electric potency generated at the nuclear power
stations, based on the fission of the atom, tends with raw material uranium or tório, for they be highly ores radioactive. You is fission it can be spontaneous or provoked in that an
atomic nucleus, usually heavy, becomes separated in two parts of comparable masses, emitting nêutrons and liberating great amount of energy; or better, the nuclear fission, consists of the chain reaction of disintegration of those atoms, that can happen in a violent way, carting an explosion (I begin of the atomic bombs). well then, the use of that energy, it was seen, until there is little time, as a good alternative to supply the shortage of some energy sources (as the coal and the petroleum). That is the reason for the which, in the last two decades, hundreds of plants were built in several parts of the world. One of the problem, that is placed in relationship ace current nuclear power stations, is that they possess, on average, an only 25 year-old duration. Like this, considering the high costs of your installation and the small amount of energy that produce on those 25 years of existences (in comparison with the hydroelectric and thermoelectrical plants), it can be questioned if they are in fact a good energy alternative for the future shortage of petroleum and of coal. However, in spite of your high costs and of the opposition that the construction of new atomic plants is finding at several countries (for the risks of
accidents and for the radioactive contamination of the neighboring areas), it was observed that of 1980 up to 1995, there was more than a duplication of the number of existent nuclear power stations in the world. Another problem, serious, that is placed in subject in the nuclear power stations they are the accidents. The accidents already registered in central nuclear they had as consequence the
escape of radioactive material for the atmosphere. Actually, the accidents always accompanied the operation of the nuclear reactors. Several accidents that produced escape of the radioactivity for the environment already happened, in several countries. For coincidence, the most celebrated North American
Accident happened two weeks after the release of the antinuclear film “Syndrome of China”, where it shows a situation that would be unlikely (criticized by the nuclear industry). However, in March of 1979,toda a series of flaws and operational mistakes turned a normal defect of operation into the headquarters of the plant of Three Miles Island, in the state of Pennsylvania, in a drama in which a lot of scenes of “Syndrome of China” they repeated. But the largest nuclear accident until the moment was it of Chernobyl, in Ukraine, in April of 1986. It happened an explosion in the nuclear reactor, liberating great radioactivity doses for the neighborhoods, this escape reaches the mischievous atmosphere for your currents, if dispersed for central and northern Europe. Another of great importance happened in Goiânia, in Brazil in September 1987, when of the violation of a bomb of Cesium-137, this accident was the most numerous second in deaths in the nuclear area, the first was it of Chernobyl.José Carlos S.Mélo.
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