It was showed that the dry weight and grain yield of rice were 2. 3%~12. 7% and 1.6%~11.8% higher respectively than those of urea applied alone when urea applied with cow slurry, rare-earth, maifanshi, calcium chloride and dicyandiamine (DCD). Among the treatments, BCD and maif anshi increased the nitrogen use efficiency of urea from 4. 3 kg grain/kg N applied when urea applied alone to 10. 7 kg grain and 12. 5 kg grain per kg N applied. It was shown from I5N tracing experiment that the nitrogen uptake efficiency of urea for rice when applied alone was 20. 6% while 25. 9, 26. 3, 24. 0, 28. 3 and 27. 9% respectively when applied with cow slurry , rare-earth, maifanshi, calcium chloride and DCD. Application of urea with above various materials contributed to a apparent effect on increase of nitrogen residue in soil and nitrogen loss (particularly in loss by air) from urea, among which, the best effect was obtained on nitrogen residue in soil from urea when applied with cow slurry and rare-earth, the residues were 30. 3% and 27. 3% of applied nitrogen respectively, and DCD could decrease the nitrogen loss of greatly, from 57. 5% of applied nitrogen when applied alone to 36. 3% of applied nitrogen. It was also showed that the difference of effect on kinetics of soil available nitrogen between one treatment and another was not significant, but significant difference existed in effect of different treatments on loss of soil nitrogen and soil nitrogen mineralization. Compared with labelled urea applied alone, application with cow slurry and DCD resulted in great decrease in loss of soil nitrogen and soil nitrogen mineralization while not apparent effect for application with rare-earth, calcium chloride and maifanshi.