Influencing and supplementing each other, economic development and environment protection are unity of opposites. Perfect ecological environment construction can decrease natural disasters, improve investment environment, adjust industrial structure, promote local impression, and develop social economy. Soil and water conservation is the main body of ecological environment construction. The poor ecological environmental conditions in western China demands that the awareness of all of the people about environment should be enhanced in the great development of western China, practical and efficient management system for soil and water conservation and ecological environmental construction as well as compensation mechanisms should be set up, living and development relation should be well cooperated, advanced and suitable techniques be extended, recovery of cultivated land with forest and grass be strengthened, supervision system for construction projects be implemented in order to make perfect work in soil conservation and ecological environmental construction according to laws.