The studies on the wheat straw utilization for rice cultivation in seasonal drought hilly region of south China were conducted
in 2003~2004. Result shown: The wheat straw
mulching is best way for water saving,but the saving efficiency is related directly with the method of straw utilization in the paddy field.The method which includes plough,hand transplanting rice seedling as the way of
broad and narrow row alternatively,and mulching the wheat straw within the broad row about 10 days later,can reduce the water evaporate in the paddy field,save water 41.84%;the water using efficiency for rice reaches 1.55 kg/m3,which is 0.51 kg/m3 over CK;the irrigation water using efficiency is 1.22 kg/m3 more than CK;the output for rice production increases 1860 Yuan/hm2.If the plough changes as the zero tillage,the water using efficiency for rice is 1.26 kg/m3,which is 0.22 kg/m3 over CK;the irrigation water using efficiency is 0.47 kg/m3 more than CK.The method of wheat straw mulching on the Zero tillage paddy and broadcasting the rice seedling,cannot save water;but it is an economic cultivation way.The economic returning increases from 840~1110 Yuan/hm2.