Probiotics - live microorganisms
that when ingested in certain
quantities have a
positive impact on the health of the
host. Potential probiotic strains
are isolated from the
gastrointestinal tract of healthy donors. They mainly inhabit
the intestine of the host (although they are present also in the small intestine and even the stomach ), where the density reaches 1 to
100mld cells / g of intestinal contents . The main residents of this part of the digestive tract are anaerobic microorganisms ( Bifidobacterium
spp , Bacteroides spp .) There are also optional anaerobic microorganisms ( lactobacilii,
streptococci , enterobacteria ), but in amounts of about 1000 times smaller . Overall,
inhabits the human digestive system are 100-400 species of microorganisms.
Prebiotics - not
digestible nutrient ( not hydrolyzed and
absorbed ) by humans selectively degraded by
some bacteria , allowing for a specific change in the composition and / or activity of gastrointestinal microflora and thus create a positive impact on the health of the host. As a prebiotic
substances are currently used
oligosaccharides ( oligofrucotze, inulin ,
lactulose ).
Synbiotics - a combination of probiotic with prebiotic used
to enhance the survival and implantation of probiotic bacteria in the digestive tract ..
Microorganisms currently used in probiotic
products
Lactobacilii
L.acidophilius (LA-5)
L.(para)casei (L.casei “shirota”, L.casei “defensis”)
L.crispatus (L.acidophislus “Gilliand”)
L.johnsoni (LA-1)
L.plantarum (299 i299v)
L.reuteri
L.rhamnosus (LGG)
L.gasseri (PA 16/8)
Bifidobacteria
B.adolescentis
B.animalis (B.animalis spp. lactis BB-12)
B.bifidum (MF 20/5)
B.breve
B.infantis
B.lactis
B.longum (BB 536, SP 07/3)
Other
B.cereus
E.coli (E. coli “Nissle1917”)
Streptococcus thermophilus
Enterococcus faecium
Lactococus lactis
Spors of Bacillus cereus “toyoi”