Every human being has been found to be 99.9% identical to the other. This has been established by the human genome project. The genomic information has tremendous applications in healthcare and sociological implications. Also, the Human genome sequence information is likely to change the way medicine is practiced. Discipline of predictive medicine is emerging, where medical intervention can be planned even before the disease sets in. As opposed to the conventional generic drugs, where a single drug is marketed for the entire population, the concept of tailor-made drugs based on genetic profile of an individual or, a genetically defined population would emerge. Apart from these, there are many other applications pertaining to the genome sequence utilization for drug discovery and molecular medicine. Microbial genome programs have widened our perspectives on preventive medicine and infectious disease management through molecular diagnosis, epidemiology and vaccine development. Fruits of modern biology are going to benefit the society in many ways, e.g. DNA fingerprinting, diagnostics, genome analysis and bioinformatics etc.
The DNA fingerprinting, which has been shown to bring about dramatic increase in the conviction rate, will continue to be in much demand. Development of several new DNA based services in the areas of seed authentication, certification of genetically modified foods (GM foods) and wildlife and animal identification are witnessing increasing demand. Complete sequence of the human genome and information from other sources, such as expression data from microarrays, have produced enormous information base for researchers. Emerging of bioinformatics field due to the alliance between biology and computer science has made it possible to generate enormous amount of data and extract the useful information out of it.