Coconut coir pith is an agro waste from coir industry and
it is a renewable resource. The elastic cellular cork like pithy material forming the non fibrous tissue of the coconut husk generally accounts for 50-60 % of the total weight of husk. One ton of coir pith is produced for every 10,000 husks used in the coir industry. Accumulation of coir pith near coir factories in large quantities causes solid waste pollution problems. Since it is composed of lignocellulosic compounds the total degradation of these compounds was once considered as an impossible task. Coir pith undergoes decomposition in a very slow rate only because of its low carbon (pentosan) to lignin ratio of less than 0.5 % which is minimum required for the slow decomposition of organic matter in soil. The practical problem associated with direct application of raw coir pith as a manure have been solved with earth worm (vermicomposting) or using pith plus (a mushroom culture). Nowadays, composted coir pith is being widely used along with organic supplements for many crops especially in Horticulture and Floriculture. Composted coir pith is highly beneficial in improving crop productivity in plants and it shows high conversion ratio. Moreover, its ability in the management of certain root diseases had also been reported.