Global
warming is one of the world’s most charged issue of the day. World temperature has been rising. The world is warming
faster in this recent century with potential devastating effects. The most apparent effect is the addition of water to the ocean through the melting of icecaps. Over the past century sea level has slowly been rising. Global warming also causes the climate change which the impacts is so wide. Climate change already has considerable impacts on the wild life, environment, economy, human health, infrastructure, society and lifestyle, which is tend to increase in the future.
Many studies give strong evidence that the increasing of global warming is attributable to human activity: industrialization, transportation, deforestation and other activity related to altering the chemical composition of the atmosphere. Since the beginning of industrial revolution, human activity increasingly pollute the atmosphere. Industries contribute on increment of carbon
dioxide, methane, nitrous oxide, chlorofluorocarbons (CFC) and other gases from burning of fossil fuel to power boilers and produce steam and using gasoline to power vehicle for transportation. This addition of gases cause greenhouse effect worsen. Greenhouse effect is mechanism in atmosphere to trap short wave solar radiation to keep the earth warm. The extra greenhouse gases in the atmosphere trap more energy from solar radiation and therefore cause more warming, worse cause the earth hot.
Realize that global warming is serious problem scientists insist government to take action. But government in every nation can not work in isolation to combat global warming. Global warming is serious issue that need to be solved by the whole nation in the earth. Therefore United Nations take important role against global warming by facilitating intergovernmental negotiating committee to negotiate treaty on global warming, conduct international climate summit, conference and many other work. The most recognized action is agreement under United Nations Framework Convention on Climate Change (UNFCCC) at the international summit in Kyoto, Japan in December 1997 recognized as Kyoto
Protocol. Kyoto Protocol is international framework for combating global warming. More than 170 nations signed the treaty, including the United States, Australia, the European Union, Canada, and Japan. Kyoto Protocol force nations to agree and ratify the rules to reduce the emission of heat-trapping gases that cause global warming.
Kyoto protocol is an effort to mitigate global warming with target is reduction of worldwide greenhouse gases emissions to 5.2 percent below 1990 levels between 2008 and 2012. The protocol establishes different levels of reduction depending on their economic and national situation. Most of the world’s industrialized nations support the Kyoto Protocol but the different levels of reduction for developed countries and developing countries has risen dispute. Several nations including the United States, the greatest greenhouse-gases producer in the world, 35 percent of those generated by humans worldwide, and Australia refuse to ratify it. The United States and Australia argued that Kyoto Protocol was wrong to exempt developing country like China and India, and would hurt them economically because the implementation of Kyoto Protocol to reduce the greenhouse gases emission will be very expensive.