The moving air is known as the wind. The winds that blow according to seasons are known as `monsoon’.
The lands which receive a good rainfall during a particular season are called monsoon regions.
Monsoon regions lie between the latitudes 8 – 30 degrees on either side of the equator. India, Bangladesh, Pakistan, Central America, east Africa, Brazil, Malaysia, Philippines and Queensland in Australia belong to this region.
Temperature is high in summer in this region. It is dry in winter and receives rain in summer. Depending upon different physical conditions rainfall varies from place to place.
The temperature in summer is 35 degree cilices and in winter is 21 degree cilices rainfall varies from 100- 200cms.
In this region, summers are from March to mid- June, rainy season is from mid-June to October and winters are from November to February. It receives rainfall from the south-west monsoons from June to September and from the north-east monsoon from October to November.
People of this region eagerly wait for the rains. The people of no other region depend so much on rain as do the people of this region. Among the monsoon lands, India occupies a signification place.
Since the rainfall is not uniform in this region, so is the density of forests. They are called deciduous type of forests. Sandalwood, teak wood, Sal, bamboo etc., are the trees that grow in these forests.
A wide range of poisonous snakes, monkeys, elephants, tigers, deer, bison and leopards are found in this region. One can also find the Australian kangaroos in this region.
In monsoon lands, the density of population is very high when compared with the other regions. Because of the highest population land holdings have become smaller.
About 80% of the people live on agriculture. Agriculture is their primary occupation.
Paddy is the chief crop in this region. Wheat, millets, pulses, sugar-cane, coffee, tea, tobacco and spices are also growing here.
People grow crops by constructing dams across rivers where they exist and by constructing tanks, digging wells and tube wells where there are no rivers. With the advancement of science and technology, people are seriously trying to make agriculture profitable.
Iron, manganese, aluminum, copper, tin, mica and coal are the minerals found here.
Textiles, sugar, iron and steel and jute are the major industries that developed here. Yet there is a need to develop industrial sector further.