Smart card resembles a
credit card in size and shape,but inside it is completely different.First of all,it has an inside a normal credit card is a simple piece of plastic.The inside of a smart card usually contains an embedded microprocessor.The microprocessor is under a gold contact pad on one side of the card.Think of the microprocessor as replacing the usual magnetic stripe on a credit card or debit card.The data on the stripe can easily be read,written,deleted or changed with off-the shelf equipment.Therefore,the stripe is really not the best place to store sensitive information.The Microprocessor on the smart card is there for
security .The host computer and card reader actually "talk" to the microcomputer.The Microcomputer enforces access to the data on the card.If the host computer read and wrote the smart card's random access memory,it would be no different than a diskette.Smart
cards may have up to 8kb of programmable ROM,256KB of programmable ROM and a 16-bit microprocessor.The smart card uses a serial interface and receives its power from external sources like a card reader.The processor uses a limited instruction set for applications such as cryptography.The most common smart card applications are: Credit cards,electronic cash.computer security system.wireless communication,loyalty systems,banking,satellite TV....smart card readers can also be found in mobile phones and vending machines.
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