Signs and symptomsHealthy people sweat. But when, where and how much varies widely. Factors that cause most people to
sweat include:Exercise, especially strenuous exercise Hot weather Nervousness, anxiety or stress Perspiration that's triggered by emotion is most likely to occur on your face, your underarms, your palms and the soles of your feet. But how much you sweat and even the way your sweat smells can be influenced by your mood,
certain foods and beverages, some drugs and medical conditions, and even by your hormone levels. What's more � unfair as it seems � some people inherit a tendency to sweat heavily, especially on their soles and palms.Because it's almost impossible to define normal sweating, try to learn what's normal for you. That will help you pinpoint any unusual changes.CausesYour skin has two types of sweat glands: eccrine
glands and apocrine glands. Eccrine glands occur over most of your body and open directly onto the surface of your skin. Apocrine glands develop in areas abundant in hair follicles, such as your scalp, underarms and genitals.You have between 2 million and 5 million eccrine sweat glands. When your body
temperature rises, your autonomic nervous system stimulates these glands to secrete fluid onto the surface of your skin, where it cools your body as it evaporates. This fluid (perspiration) is composed mainly of water and salt (sodium chloride) and contains trace amounts of other electrolytes � substances that help regulate the balance of fluids in your body.Apocrine glands, on the other hand, secrete a fatty sweat directly into the tubule of the gland. When you're under emotional stress, the wall of the tubule contracts and the sweat is pushed to the surface of your skin where bacteria begin breaking it down. Most often, it's the bacterial breakdown of apocrine sweat that causes a strong odor.A number of factors can affect how much you sweat and even the way your sweat smells. Certain foods, drugs or medical conditions can cause excessive sweating, whereas drugs or conditions may interfere with your ability to perspire normally.
Excessive sweating (hyperhidrosis) Some people sweat more than others for no apparent reason. But some factors may make you sweat heavily. These include:
Heredity. Some people inherit a tendency to sweat excessively, especially on their palms and the soles of their feet.
Certain foods and beverages. Drinking hot beverages and those that contain caffeine or alcohol can make you sweat. Eating spicy foods can do the same thing.
Certain drugs. Drugs that can cause excessive sweating
include some antipsychotic medications used to treat mental disorders, morphine and excess doses of the thyroid hormone thyroxine. Overdoses of analgesics such as aspirin and acetaminophen (Tylenol, others) also can cause intense sweating.
Low blood sugar (hypoglycemia) . This occurs when the level of sugar in your blood drops below a certain level. It's most common in people with diabetes who take insulin or oral medications that enhance the action of insulin. Early signs and symptoms include sweating, shakiness, weakness, hunger, dizziness and nausea. Some people may develop low blood sugar after eating, especially if they've had stomach or intestinal surgery. In rare cases your body may produce too much of the pancreatic hormone insulin, leading to low blood sugar.
Fevers. A
Fever occurs when your temperature rises above its normal range. You may have a fever with many types of bacterial and viral infections. When your body temperature finally begins to return to normal, known as "breaking of the fever," you may sweat profusely, which is your body's way of dissipating the excess heat. Shaking chills after the fever are your body's attempt to raise its core temperature. Repeated episodes of fever followed by sweating may indicate a serious infection or other illONG>Heart attack. This occurs when a loss of blood supply damages or destroys part of your heart muscle. The signs and symptoms of a heart attack include pressure; fullness or squeezing pain in your chest that lasts for a few minutes or pain that extends beyond your chest to your shoulder, arm or back; shortness of breath; and intense sweating. If you experience these symptoms, get immediate medical care. Every minute counts after a heart attack.
Malaria. Malaria affects millions of people worldwide. The disease occurs primarily in tropical and subtropical countries, but just over 1,000 new cases are reported each year in the United States, primarily among people returning from other parts of the world. The signs and symptoms are related to the life cycle of the parasite that causes malaria, and may begin anywhere from eight days to one year after you've been infected. Initially, you may have chills, headache, vomiting and nausea, but as your body temperature falls, you begin to sweat profusely. The cycle may recur every 48 to 72 hours.
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