The paper
explains that one of the articles by Foster-Fishman and Keys explains that participatory management is becoming more common because innovative
service delivery and staff
empowerment are becoming increasingly important in management. The paper examines the article, "Employee Empowerment: Solution to a Burgeoning Crisis", which states that a model for employee empowerment and participation can be taken from the Japanese government because the Japanese government works in tandem with corporate leaders to set a "growth agenda", in which management takes on a "paternalistic attitude" to labor. Another article,"Empowerment as a
Workplace Strategy in Small Business", explains that by using employee empowerment and participation, small businesses gain a
competitive advantage, prosper, and remain competitive. It also discusses how empowerment, as defined by the article, includes authorization of employees to take an active role in development and maintenance of employee functions within the workplace.