In this paper, the origin, the biochemistry characteristics, the toxic effects, the clinic symptoms and the assays of neurotoxins
which act on
sodium channel receptors are reviewed.PSP is produced by Gonylaecac, and is enriched in clams sea-mussels scallops and some kind of crabs through food chain. It blocks the transit of Na~+ that leads to anesthesia. The main assay methods for PSP are mice assay irradiation-immune assay and ELISA. TTX is produced by bacterium and is enriched in marine organisms, mainly in globefish. It blocks the transit of Na~+ that leads to anesthesia of nerve and muscle. The assay methods are thin-layer chromatography HPLC,Gas Chromatography-Mass Spectrometry (GC-MS) and capillary electrophoresis. PbTX is produced by Ptychodiscus brevis and Gymnodinium breve. It acts on Na~+ channel receptor VI. The assay methods are mice assay irradiation-immune assay and ELISA. CTX is produced by Gambierdiscus toxicus dinoflagellate and is enriched in marine fish. It acts on Na~+ channel receptor VI and activates Na~+ channel. The assay methods include mice assay irradiation-immune assay ELISA,HPLC MS SPIA and MIA.