Zinc has a range of functions. It plays a crucial role in growth and cell division where it is required for protein and DNA
synthesis, in insulin activity, in the metabolism of the ovaries and testes, and in liver function. As a component of many enzymes, zinc iz involved in the metabolism of proteins, carbohydrates, lipids and energy. Our body
contains about 2-3 g of zinc. There are no spesific storage sites known for zinc and so a regular supply in the diet is required. Zinc is found in all parts of our body, 60 % is found in muscle, 30 % in bone and about 5 % in our skin.
Particularly high concentrations in the prostate gland and semen. Men need more zinc than women because male semen contains 100 times more zinc than is found in the blood. The more sexually active a man the more zinc he will require. The recommended amounts of zinc for adult men are 1/3 higher than those for women. The first sign of zinc deficiency are impairment of taste, a poor immune response and skin problems. Other symtomps of zinc deficiency can include hair loss, diarrhoea, fatigue, delayed wound healing, and decreased growth rate and mental development in infants. It is thought that zinc suplementation can help skin conditions such as acne and eczema, prostate problems, anorexia nervosa, alcoholics and those suffering from trauma or post-surgery. Zinc is present in a wide variety of foods, particularly in association with protein foods. A vegetarian diet often contains less zinc than a meat based diet and so it is important for vegetarians to eat plenty of foods that are rich in this vital mineral. Good sources for vegetarians include dairy products, beans and lentils, yeast, nuts, seeds and wholegrain cereals. Pumpkin seeds provide one of the most concentrated vegetarian food sources of zinc. Only 20 % of the zinc present in the diet is actually absorbed by the body. Dietary fibre and phytic acid, found in wholegrain cereals, pulses and nuts inhibit zinc absorption. Pregnant women do need extra zinc, but it is thought that demands are met by increased absorption from the gut. Breast feeding mothers need extra zinc in their diet. Breast milk contains over 2 mg of zinc in the first four months and women need an extra 6 mg a day to cover these demands. Excess zinc is toxic. Too much zinc will interfere with the metabolism of other minerals in the body, particularly iron and copper. Symptoms of zinc toxicity occur after ingestion of 2 g or more include nausea, vomiting and fever.