The Benefits produced by different measures of
soil and water conservation on reducing runoff and
sediments are analyzed
with the data from runoff plots in Shixia Small Watershed. The results are presented as following: 1) Suitable land preparation for afforestation can hold up more precipitation and reduce soil erosion effectively; 2) Narrow terrace can reduce 20%～45% of runoff and 31.5%～71.2% of
sediments; 3) The benefits on reducing runoff and sediments from narrow terrace are generally equal from fish-scale pits. 4) On 16° slop area, the runoff would be 77.7%～92.1% reduction in the areas after vegetation measures with narrow terrace and fish-scale pit land preparation from slop farming. On 40 slop area, the runoff would be cut down 54.25% and sediment 67.95% in the areas after terrace from slop farming; 5) The measures also can reduce N and P losses, such as N can reduce by 73.65% and P by 42.86% from narrow terrace area and N by 60.98% and P by 85.29% from terrace area compared with that from slop farming areas.