The duty of mermory concern essentially at first the crime against humanity and to aim at extend to all tragical events of our history and work on the method of “no never that”, setting in work all the caracteristic of the moral and of fight to well against wrong. The history, in the same time like social science and like of scoral discipline have by nature, his task to maintain alive the memory. Yet, this indentification of the collective memory and of the history is a source of philosophics interrogations and majors epistemiologicals. This opposition between history or Memory, however, don’t disqualified the role politic of the memory but required a clear separation of orders. Isn’t he obvious that the history execute collectivly the same mission. The aim is stopped that the past of mens don’t forgot with the time and avoid that the admirable exploit so of side to the greek that of the one of barbarians, lost all celebrity. The history by the fondator of history will be well a work of memory. A struggle against the oblivion. The history isn’t already any story, but a science because she inquires on the causes. This question of causes, clearly, is the epistemology cross of history. But what is the cause in histrory? It’s there, the objet of disagreements the most hard. The memory is the memory. This history take aim the objectiveness. The historical memory is always our memory. Our memory of the history of nation isn’t the memory of history of the neighbouring and mutually! To opposite, the history implicate a decentring of look. The collective memory work, she also, to oblivion. The individual memory is a means for individual to constitute this own indentity. The memory is phenomenon always actual, a link lived to eternal present ; the history, a representation of past. History, because the intellectual operation and specularism, call analyse and critic speech. The memory install the remind of in the sacred, the history, she prosaic always. The history, to opposite, belong to all and to person, this is universal. The memory dig in the real, in space, the gestual, the picture and the objet. The history don’t attach that to temporal continuaty, to evolution and to connection of things. The memoryis an absolute and the history don’t knew that the relatif. Until that, the opposition between history and memory i correctly feld. The history is legitimation of lived past. That the history nothingness the memory, this don’t the one other means of tell that history is rational acknowlegde of no simple lived narrate. One of sign the most true of pull out of history to memory is perharps the begin of hostiry to history, the awake, in the world, new, of historic consciousness.
There aren’t of memory to memory. To reminds his memory, it’s a sharp sens. One of other side, the history of history placed without difficulties in a true discipline, like history of science. Nora writes again : It’s enterly history who is enter in the historical age, separate definitively with the memory. The history is more particular, the national development , has constituted the most strong of our collectives traditions, by excellence, our history of memory. The nation isn’t more a fight, but a file ; the history is became a social science ; and the memory a phenomenon only private. Th memory nation will have been the last representation of the history memory. The history ins’t the sucession of generations. What is been the destinate of marxcism and Marx, I beleive that we must read in this work since one hundred and fifty years a speech of the liberation of history like scientifical history, opposite the submission to imperative of social and politic real-life. As a brake with romantic history with the history who narrate to tell the spirit of people. Think to the possibility of scientific history, a objectivity of the historic acknowedge, this is’nt the question of the memory. If we are interest by the files history/memory, we suppose necessary, and I havesupposed until here, there are something that a call collective memory. To discribe this collective memory, we could take back to differency of Bergson between memory-reproduction and memory-picture. This pictures of our collective memory and individual, she render possible the politic and social life and in consequence the live all short! She are also indispensable that this memory-reproduction, I spoke of that there previously. The duty-memory, it’s the memory of extermination camps “more never that”. We want formed the citizens. If the instruction of history has a sens, he is formative, it’s only to condition of exit to social requirement of the collective memory, to condition of to exit of the obsession to actual preoccupations. It means reject of want arrival to a collective memory.