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Overview
Signs, Symptoms
& Diagnosis
Prevention
Treatment Options
Dealing Day to Day
Key Q&A
Ask Your Doctor
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Inflammation or infection of the vagina, or birth canal, is known as vaginitis.
Vaginitis is a common condition that can occur when there is a decrease in the acidity of the vaginal environment.
The condition can also be caused by other factors, such as several types of infection or reduced levels of estrogen occurring after menopause.
Bacterial vaginosis is the most common type of vaginitis.
Bacterial vaginosis is caused by an overgrowth of one of several bacteria that is normally present in the vagina.
Yeast infection, or candidiasis, is caused by an overabundance of candida, a microscopic fungus that normally inhabits the vagina.
Trichomoniasis is caused by a parasite in the vagina, typically Trichomonas vaginalis .
Different types of vaginitis have different causes and risk factors.
Trichomoniasis is usually transmitted through sexual intercourse with a partner who is already infected.
Yeast infections may occur more frequently as a result of hormonal changes, such as those associated with pregnancy.
Symptoms generally vary according to the type of vaginitis.
Common symptoms may include a change in the amount, color or odor of vaginal discharge.
Vaginitis can also result in symptoms such as itching or burning inside or around the vagina.
Bacterial vaginosis may result in foul-smelling discharge that is grayish white.
The primary symptoms of a yeast infection are itching and burning inside and around the vagina.
Trichomoniasis may cause a greenish yellow discharge that is sometimes frothy in appearance.
Diagnosis of vaginitis depends on which type of vaginitis is suspected.
In order to determine the correct diagnosis, your doctor will take a medical history and perform a pelvic examination.
Microscopic analysis of vaginal discharge is also required for diagnosis.
Treatment of vaginitis also depends on which type of infection is present.
Many forms of treatment are available in oral or topical form.
Prevention methods include practicing safe sex, clean toilet habits and avoiding use of vaginal sprays, deodorants and douches.
Published: August 26, 2007
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