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Summaries and Short Reviews

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Shvoong Home>Arts & Humanities>Freedom and Responsibility Summary

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Freedom and Responsibility

Academic Paper Summary by: lufalcao     

Original Author: Julián Marías
This abstract was translated from Liberdade e Responsabilidade
When we look at life as it is explored in our time, when really it down as a personal view (is beyond the ideas from the
study of natural things and focuses on the peculiar vision of what is human), it if that man is and has things in his life, but in no sense, it is something. Has a body size, natural, animal, but it''s perspective, is project is mission. All this is of capital importance for the approach to be freedom and responsibility. Life, not biological, but the biographical, as human life is given to all men, and is a gift. To be given, is not yet done, is that each must do his. It is a business, a job and can not even be understood as a mere development. As you know, the man has few strong instincts, but in contrast, a vast horizon imagination, mental, ie has to imagine their lives, discover their abilities, their circumstances, their difficulties: those who design it will be. There is a fundamental difference between what man is and who it is. Clear that what a child that is born, comes from their parents, their ancestors and the elements that constitute the cosmos: oxygen, hydrogen, nitrogen, calcium, etc.. However, who is not carrying anything, it is absolutely inderivável. So the boy is born, must live in a world in which it is and is not, of course, a system of instincts governing their conduct. You have to choose what they can do, decide, choose from many possibilities which has before it and thus is free. Sometimes the man may give up their freedom in a free act, saying, for example: "I do what others tell me." In this case, the individual is acting freely and also performing an act of freedom, so freedom is inalienable. There are many degrees of freedom. The man may have little freedom because it is overwhelmed by the circumstances or because an event is greatly limited, no resources, living in a situation in which the most important things missing, being oppressed by other people, live in a political situation that does not carry it to its freedom in many aspects, but it is free. It is free, but at any moment, even if it can not perform certain acts free. One thing is to have freedom, and another is to be free. You can have the freedom to redoubt, and there is always one. She is absolutely constitutive of human life, and brings a consequence: being free means being responsible, and it is the responsibility which are the postulates of practical reason. The man responsible is subject to duties, therefore, be a free but exercising their responsibility for it. If he is not free, has no meaning to be responsible. Everyone has a mission, has something to do and therefore can guide your life. And there is, indeed, that establishes the connection with the notion of truth: "the truth shall make you free", ie, recognition, acceptance and coping with reality as it is in their content to you, put in freedom. They are absolutely inseparable from the notions of freedom and responsibility. There are various forms of determinism, but those that have achieved much success in our time are linked to economic and social. Certainly, they are ingredients of life in that affect the circumstances and not I, but the who I am. In conclusion, it is important to emphasize that an essential relation with the true freedom is what allows us to be free, which forces us, compels us to be free, it puts us in freedom: freedom is of men, each facing the other, some for others, just as people are. It occurs that this freedom may be abandoned, you can waive it, freely, and in this case, there is an abdication of the human condition properly. This is the case with fanaticism, as a person give up their freedom to act and decide as it is spoken. This can be said that a natural person, a group, a slogan, a race, a class or whatever is. The fact is that the man is based in fact unrelated to waive him and be him, its authenticity, an annulment that is properly human. Are people who do not behave as people but as things lively. This is unacceptable, because the human life is essential to freedom, and also because the man can achieve a process of dehumanization, inhuman, human infrastructure, and thus there may be a waiver of the human condition. It is a radical way to dispose of, the abandonment of "self." Of course, the human condition is not abolished, but in time, smothered by a pressure originally accepted as an act of freedom. Therefore, the fanatic is responsible, it can not be absolved of liability by doing so, in a moment of alienation, but it is responsible, because the acceptance of fanaticism was free. Produces is then a kind of mechanization, the individual no longer works properly from itself, but the second received pulse and often in bulk. This suspension is the human condition and therefore the freedom, with a prior acceptance, and therefore can not ignore the responsibility of the individual accepting the abolition of their personal freedom. 
Published: March 03, 2009
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