The scene economic politician and in Israel when of the general election of 23 of July of 1984 it was not nothing promising. The war between Israel and the Lebanon brought great damages politicians, economic and social for Israel. The economic crisis internal Israeli got worse, with inflation arriving 400%. With the Likud in the power, the Working
Party waited to get smashing victory in the 1984 elections, fact this that did not occur. Likud and Trabalhistas had reached one tie up to technician. To obtain the majority in the Parliament, both the parties had made a strategical coalition, where two years would revezariam the power to each: the fundamentalist party Likud, become attached to the territorial integrity of Israel, without opening hand of the conquered territory and the Party of the Members of labor party, liberal, accepting to make territorial agreements in exchange for peace. Internal divergences of the government of national unit had been created with the coalition of the Likud with the Party of the Members of labor party. In December of 1987 the deflagration of the
intifada one occurs, spontaneous revolt of the Palestinians against the precarious conditions of the refugee fields. A rumor of a terrorist act of an Israeli against 4 inhabitants of one of the refugee fields in Gaza provoked the anger of the Palestinians who had promoted popular tumults and manifestations against the misery, not being a nationalistic movement. But the international repercussion was so ample that the Organization of Release of Palestine (OLP) did not lose time in giving to an importance politics for the movement. This revolt caught Israel of surprise. It believed that its military power and the dependence of the jobs given to the Palestinians for the Israelis would keep certain order. In Israel, antagonistic opinions appear of as to deal with the intifada one. The conflict more demonstrates to be something to the one that simple manifestations that could be contained through the force. Shamir (Likud), that it defended the use of the force, is supported by Rabin, Minister of the Defense of Israel. The government decides, then, for the use of the force. The
force of Defense of Israel (FDI) is instructed to act with "hand-of-iron and to jam the intifada one of a time for all". The covering of the media provokes the international indignation for the fact of Israel to use a powerful army against a civil population that searched its self-determination politics. The strategy of use of the force proved to be a wrong choice. Amongst the consequences that Israel had of arcar for having done the choice of the use of the force is the conviction of the FDI for "killing and wounding defenseless Palestinian civilians", the requirement of the Advice of Security of the ONU to select if the used severe measures for Israel had wounded the human rights of civilians, the change that occurred in the relations between U.S.A. and Israel as the public opinion American that affection for the Palestinians and the recognition of the OLP passes having as real party in interest in the negotiations. The precarious conditions of life of the Palestinians had not been the only cause of the intifada one. The indifference of Arab Liga with the destination of the Palestinians in its meeting in November of the same year also contributed with the feeling of abandonment on the part of the Palestinians. The first effort appears of U.S.A. to try to solve the conflict Arab-Israeli. George Shultz, secretary-generality of the ONU elaborates, in March of 1988, the Initiative Shultz, a package of proposals aiming at to the Palestinian autonomy in the molds of the Agreements of Campi David. The Shultz Initiative is accepted for Peres of Israel, Mubarak of Egypt and for king Hussein of Jordan. However, the Palestinians demand that it is the OLP to negotiate the proposals but they reject them. Shamir, then first-minister of Israel, not accepted an international conference opposing in exchange for to give up it any territory the peace. Israel and Jordan had been the ones that had more lost with the intifada one. In July of 1988 Jordan it cuts legal and administrative relations with the Cisjordânia for believing to be fighting a lost battle and for having accumulated many damages with the wages that still paid to one terço of the Palestinians of the Cisjordânia. King Hussein declares that Jordan is not Palestinian and that the Palestinians would have to deal directly with the Israelis on the future of the Cisjordânia. This decision fortifies the OLP and leaves alone Israel to decide the problems with the Organization. Moreover, in Gaza the Hamas appears, Islamic Movement of Resistance led for Amhed Yassin. Promising to fight for the Palestinian rights without the use of the force, the movement is supported by the Israeli authorities that they searched to weaken the nationalism of the OLP. However, already in 1994 the Hamas starts to use suicidal bombs inside of Israel, mining with the Israeli tactics "to divide and to control". Already for the ones for the lay Palestinians, the intifada one contributed with the moral, pride and autoconfiança of the Palestinian community, but the life conditions if spoil still more in elapsing of the fight.
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