Write your abstract
here.the death of auranzeb was the signal for the
disintegration of the mighty mughal
empire which had
dazzaed thecntemporary qorld by its extensice terirrtories
and cultural achievements.his three sons quarelled for the
sucession of the throne.
all the mughal emperors after aurangzeb were weaklings and
quite incapable to meet the challenges from within and
without far from stemming the tide of the decline. they
failed in mantaning the integrity of the empire.
the mughal nobilty degeneated at a very rapid pace. th
nobles discarded hard life of military adventure and took
to luxurious living.
the absence of the law of primogeniture among the mughal
usually meant a war of succession among the sons of the
dying emperor
the maraths were the most formidable to the hindu powers
who made a bid for supremacy on the disemberment of the
mughal empire they could not form nay strong dterminationof
founding an empire immediately after the death of aurangzeb
but were absorbed for a few years in internal quarrels. the
rise of the marathas was perhaps the most powerful factor
that brought about the collapse of the mughal empire. they
inaugurated the policy of greater maharashtra and
popularised the ideal of hindu padshahi.
the mughal soldiers also cared more for their personal
comfortsand less for wining battles. the army was organised
more or less on the feudal basis where the common soldier
owed allegiance to the mansabdar than to the emperor
after the death of aurangzeb, the mughal empire faced
financialbankruptcy. the deccan wars ruined the finances of
the empire the marches of the inperial army damaged crops
in deccan while the beasts of burden ate away all the
standing crops and greenery.
the mughal governemt was essentially a police government
and confined its atention mainly to the maintenance of
internal and external order and collection of revenue. the
mughals failed to effect a fusion between hindus and
muslims and create a composte nation.instead of reconciling
the rajputs, the marathas, sikhs . the mughal policies go
ahead them to rebellion.
the invasion of nadir shah gave a death blow to the
tottering mughal empire. it not only depleted the mughal
treasuery of its wealth but also exposed to the world the
military
weaknesses of the empire.
with the weaknesses of the central mughal authority in the
eighteenth century war lordism raised its ugly head. the
european companies also acted as war lords and prfited from
the confused time. the european compnaies outdid indian
princes in every sphere whter it was trade and commerce or
diplomacy and war.it is sad commentory on the mughal
aristocracy that while they spent lakhs in importing
european luxury articles none ever thought of purchasng a
printing press. infact india was left far behind the race
for civilisation.
it is pointed out that mughlas suffered from intellectual
bankruptcy. that was partly due to the lack of an efficient
system of education in the country which alone could
produce leaders of thought. the mughals failed to produce
any political genius or leader who could teach the country
a new philosophy of life
another cause of the mughal downfall was the neglect of
the sea power by the mughals. the result was that it could
not hold its own against the foreigners who were
particularly strong on the seas.
thus the inherent weaknesses of the mughal body politic
and the numerous contemporary operative causes had sapped
the vitality of the empire.