It is the land of Jews. They adhere to the Hebrew philosophy. They believe that they have been born by the covenant of God. They had special language, religion and place of living, quite unique in nature. They originally belong to Palestine, called Cannan in ancient times. They consider their country as their homeland. In the 19th Century A.D. Jewish Religious Movement began which got transformed into Political revolution in the second half of 19th Century A.D.
The Religious Movement can be divided into 2 parts, as:
Priestly Trend
Prophetic Trend
The Priestly trends were Conservative of Moses. They wanted an authentic realization of Moses i.e. they were fundamentalists, who wanted a separate home for themselves.
The liberals advocated the Prophetic trend. They believed that the Jews could live in any part of the world and on Fridays they must pray facing towards Jerusalem.
The priestly people were in the majority and gradually with time the priestly trend transformed into a political movement in the second half of the 19th Century A.D. the main force behind Israel’s political movement was Theodore Herzl. He gave impetus to the national upsurge. A French official in the French Army call Captain Dayfus was fabricated false charges. He was a Jew by religion. Theodore Herzl was a correspondent with a newspaper of Vienna who took up the cause of Dayfus and published his case in his own newspaper. He pleaded that if an enlightened country of France mistreated the Jews then what would their state be in the rest of the world. So he asked the Jews to get united and become one. He also demanded a separate state for the Jews. The publication soon became a Bible in every Jewish home.
Diewelt was a weekly magazine published by Herzl, which became the Jewish mouthpiece. It used to pot ray Jewish sentiments, principles and theories.
In 1897, the Jews convened a meeting known as the 1st World Zionist Conference held at Basle in Switzerland. Zionism means ascribing to Jewish philosophy and religion. This was meant to provide a strong hold and an identity to the Jews in society. This conference propounded 4 major decisions:
The Jews all over the world must unite.
Jews must have a separate Jewish home.
There should be a sympathetic attitude for Jews in European countries.
There should be an organization called the Jewish Agency to look after the Jewish welfare.
These 4 fundamentals surcharged Jewish sentiments. Herzl in keeping with his demands for a Jewish Home pressed for Colonization. He consulted and contacted the Ottoman King, Abdul Hamid II for this purpose. The King could not yield to his demands due to opposition from Germany. By this time Herzl grew old and died. He was succeeded by Chaim Weizmann in the 20th Century A.D.