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Shvoong Home>Arts & Humanities>Linguistics>Persian language Summary

Persian language

Book Summary   by:ElkabberAwi     Original Author: Amr Fathi
  • Summary rating: 5 stars (1 Ratings)
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This abstract was translated from اللغة فارسية
 
Persian language is the language of Indo-European languages, spoken in Iran and Tajikistan and Afghanistan and in many other countries. Written in bold letters Arab adding 4: گ, پ, ژ, چ. Some speakers call it the Persian language in paragraph (in Afghanistan) called Baltajique kilometres (in Tajikistan), the Persian language influenced some languages such as: Ottoman Turkish, Urdu and Arabic. "Old Persian language Arye unknown, attributed to the nomadic tribes of horse displaced to Iran before the Koroc Great. After the establishment of the empire Alakmenye, forcing the horse to adopt the Aramaic language certified as an official language (1) because of primitive language and then Enalhoudarhvarcea average (Pahlavi) Persian Central is one of sophisticated forms of ancient Persia has been used in the covenants: Empire era Alfrtij during the Parthian Empire (248 BC . M - 224 m) later in the day Sasanian empire during the Sassanid Empire (224-651 m). Often referred to the Persian Central naming (Pahlavi), where you write the same name: writing Pahlavi, a pattern taken from a passage in writing Aramaic alphabet, while using the old Persian Line Sumerian cuneiform. During this period have been simplified language morphology of union rules and Grammatical conjugation system Derivation declension of the ancient Persian Merfologia complete and coherent organization to regulate the Persian Central. Concurrent with Adhlgat Pahlavi and Iranian dialects through the area where the Iranian peoples such as language Avestan, Alsogdiagnh Sogdian, Allbecktrellanet Bactrian, the algorithm Khwarezmian, Sasaki Saka. Pahlavi influences entered later in a number of languages such as Arabic, Latin and Hindi language, Armenian, Georgian and others. But the remaining samples and effects of the existing language is scarce. Some researchers such as the Persian scholar Nasser Pourpirar: "Everything there inscriptions on some rocks and the walls show that the language Pahlavi language very incomplete. Does not exist in all these rock carvings 200 words Pahlavi could use two of them to express their cultural issues, artistic and religious seriousness. All these Words are simple words daily is no wisdom in literature "(2). Some skepticism remains consensus that the Central Persian language was weak in terms of vocabulary and expression, some studies and research carried out by the Europeans (even the Iranians themselves, especially after Kiemalthorh [need to source]) shows that the Persians and before the Islamic conquest of their country''s literature did not know high, especially poetry . Where no more than a scar poetic notice some simple folk and known as "Fahloyat" modern Persian language is Farsi, which emerged after a period of Islamic conquest of Iran. Began to emerge in the second to the fourth century AH (no disagreement) after a long era of silence (that is not to write in Farsi). پورپيرار says: "Not in the era Muqaffa son - in the first decades of the twenty-second Hijra - anything written in Farsi ... The first models of the new Persian language emerged in the fourth century AH." The advantage of this to be affected by the Persian great in Arabic. It also affected other Turkish languages. Islamic conquest of Persia was a new beginning of the history of modern Persia language and poetry. Have seen in a subsequent period a large number of poets and writers who have used the term moral Persian language, Farsi language thus became dominant in the eastern regions of the Islamic world such as Persia and Afghanistan and eastern India, who knew later in Pakistan along with Urdu. Persian adopted as an official language in the days Acommandion, Mongolian Empire, the Timorese, Ghaznolln, Seljuks, Shahs. Iran says researcher Joseph Dear: "Persian language flourished and grew up in the arms of the Arabic alphabet after the Islamic conquest of Iran. The Sufis, poets and intellectuals bones, unlike before where Islam did not provide Pahlavi language is the language of tiles when Alakasrh any name prominently in various areas known especially poetry and literature ... It seems that the language was the language of Pahlavi weak and vulnerable did not produce high culture or literature. This is recognized by many historians Iranians ... It is noted that some historians Iranians poems Saadi was impersonating and verbatim translation of some poems Abu Al-Mutannabi. Cardoso and even despite its racism And avoided the use of Arabic vocabulary, has not been able to dispense with the Arabic language, where a vocabulary of approximately 30% of the vocabulary epic Ahahnamh. Since the eighth century AH (14 AD) ... has seen declining Persian literature and ebb, but has not spared him only recently "(4). Persian language borrowed from many Arab and Mntrakebha Mfradadtha and later benefited from the Mongolian language when control of Mongolian empire and then Turkish. Conversely Arab entered the vocabulary of many Arab organisations especially those relating to administrative quoted on the horse. Examples of the most famous speech in the Cabinet. Academy considers Persian language and literature in Iran responsible for regulating the introduction of new vocabulary to the language of Farsi or Persian synonyms proposal, especially in its technical aspects and new scientific terminology. There are unprecedented in Afghanistan as well (the Afghan Academy of Sciences), with the difference between the languages of Dari (Persian traditional used in Afghanistan), Iranian Persian (modified, especially recent times shah)
Published: June 02, 2008   
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