Organon
Aristotle
We now go to
deal with the sofísticos casts, wants to say, of the arguments that seem to be
it, but that indeed they are paralogismo and not arguments. We start for it I
begin as the natural order.
That some
silogismos are true, while others it seem to be, even so they are not, is
evident. The same it occurs with true the inanimate things where they are of
silver gold, while others are not such, despite it they seem to the directions,
for example, the objects of litargirina and cassiterina seem to be of silver,
and the yellow metal objects seem to be of gold. The silogism is a pleading
where, given certain premises, if it extracts a necessary conclusion
consequently and, through the given premises; the cast is a folloied silogism
of contradiction of the conclusion. In this way evident E that it has arguments
of this type, and that these to who we call Sofistas is the ones that they look
to make use of art for this species of arguments.
The arguments used in the polemica are of four
species: arguments, didascálicos, dialéticos, critics and eristicos. Sãos the
didascálicos the arguments that defend from proper principles of each
disciplines, and from the opinions of who it does not answer, therefore it
matters that the disciple of them is persuaded; the arguments that conclude, from probable premises are
dialéticos, the contradiction of the given thesis; critics are what they defend
from the premises that seem true to who answer, and that it must know the
subject that in them if finds explicito-of that necessarily way, already we
explain in another writing---; at last, the arguments are eristicos that
conclude, or seem to conclude, from probable premises in the appearance, but in
the truth improbable.