Soil is an important resource on the Earth which provides materials and foods to people live on. The force and effects of
the soil quality and quantity, both better and worse, touch the lives of local people. So the soil is too precious to be eroded away without trying to hold it in place and increase its productivity. The middle reaches of Ayeyarwaddy in Myanmar, is the most well known arid zone. The soil erosion and land retrogression are endangering the people's lives. In this paper, we put forward a way of studying soil erosion and relations of soil erosion factors by integrated GIS and RS. Firstly, satellite images (TM and SPOT) have been integrated and the ground real conditions have been rectified. Secondly, according to the ecological environmental factors, the spatial database and Digital Elevation Model of the study area have been built. Finally, referring to National Universal Soil Loss Equation, the quantitation and distribution of the soil erosion, risks and changes have been obtained. By simulation and measuring, we study the relations in soil erosion and measurement, the relations in the soil erosion among forest type and crown, topography and the soil texture. Furthermore, we put on the rational spatial allocation of agriculture and forest. Thus, it is important and imperative to conserve the nature forest, close forest area, afforest in bare land, rationally utilize land and implement
water and land conservation project as a way to control the soil erosion for ecological
environment rehabilitation and the sustainable development.