CORRUPTION IN POLITICS
The Terms “Corruption” in Politics was derived from the selfishness of government in power to accumulate wealth in illegal way through their power.
In other way round “Political Corruption” is when government officials use their governmental powers for illegitimate private gain. Misuse of government power for other purposes, like repression of political opponents and general police brutality, is not considered political corruption.
All forms of government are susceptible to political corruption. Forms of corruption vary, but include bribery, extortion, cronyism, nepotism and embezzlement. While corruption may facilitate criminal enterprise such as drug trafficking, money laundering, and trafficking, it is not restricted to these organized crime activities.
What constitutes illegal corruption differs depending on the country or jurisdiction. Bribery around the world is estimated at about £494 billion and the burden of corruption falls disproportionately on the bottom billion people living in extreme poverty.
Certain political funding practices that are legal in one place may be illegal in another. In some countries, government officials have broad or not well defined powers, and the line between what is legal and illegal can be difficult to draw.
While bribery includes an intent to influence or be influenced by another for personal gain, which is often difficult to prove, graft only requires that the official gains something of value, not part of his official pay, when doing his work. Large "gifts" qualify as graft, and most countries have laws against it.
Favoring relatives (nepotism) or personal friends (cronyism). This may be combined with bribery, for example demanding that a business should employ a relative of an official controlling regulations affecting the business. The most extreme example is when the entire state is inherited, as in Syria.
While bribes may be demanded in order to do something, payment may also be demanded by Corrupt officials who otherwise threaten to make illegitimate use of state force in order to inflict harm.
Illegitimate use of state force can also be used for outright armed robbery. This mostly occurs in unstable states which lack proper control of the military and the police. Less open forms of corruption are preferred in more stable states.
Officials in Governmental Department are also involved in illegal activities, are also liable to extortion, both by senior corrupt officials or other criminals.
Even legal measures such as these have been argued to be legalized corruption, in that they often favor the political status quo. Minor parties and independents often argue that Officials are legally taking money from the public coffers for their election campaigns to guarantee that they will continue to hold their influential and often well-paid positions.
Corruption facilitates environmental destruction. Although even the corrupt countries may formally have legislation to protect the environment, it cannot be enforced if the officials can be easily bribed. The same applies to social rights such as worker protection, prevention of child labor and unionization. Violation of these laws and rights enables corrupt countries to gain an illegitimate economic advantage in the international market.
Corruption also generates economic distortions in the public sector by diverting public investment into capital projects where bribes and kickbacks are more plentiful. Officials may increase the technical complexity of public sector projects to conceal or pave way for such dealings, thus further distorting investment. Corruption also lowers compliance with construction, environmental, or other regulations, reduces the quality of government services and infrastructure, and increases budgetary pressures on government.
Condition that occurs before “Corruption” takes place Lacking civic society and non-governmental organizations whichm
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