Objective To investigate the effects of high lipid diet and simvastatin on renal
histological injuries in
adriamycin induced
nephropathy in rats Method Urinary protein, blood lipids, BUN, serum creatinine, and
histological change were checked in nephropathic rats fed with regular and high lipid chow and treated with simvastatin Results At week 22, the amounts of urinary protein (mg/24h) were (58±21), (120± 41), (92±25), (407±35), (236±54) ( F= 117 65, P< 0 01); the levels of serum triglyceride (mmol/L) (0 99±0 09), (1 43±0 29), (1 61±0 30), (2 91±0 25), (1 70±0 23) ( F= 68 73, P< 0 01); total cholesterol (mmol/L) (2 53±0 50), (3 28±0 28), (3 02±0 59), (4 52±0 41), (3 42±0 40) ( F= 21 50, P< 0 01); low density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL ch) (mmol/L) (1 53±0 21), (2 02± 0 09), (1 74±0 36), (2 67±0 22), (1 93±0 22) ( F= 26 57, P< 0 01) in normal control, regular diet control and simvastatin treated, high lipid control and simvastatin treated groups, respectively All these values were significantly higher in
adriamycin treated groups than those of control groups; the values of high lipid diet control groups were also higher than those of regular diet control groups ( t= 15 18, P< 0 01; t= 10 93, P< 0 01; t= 7 06, P< 0 01; t= 5 59, P< 0 01, respectively), and in simvastatin treated groups were lower than those of corresponding control groups ( t= 7 49, P< 0 01; t= 10 07, P< 0 01; t= 7 78, P< 0 01; t= 6 73, P< 0 01, respectively) Histological study demonstrated that the percentage of glomeruli in which segmental sclerosis occurred were (3 2±1 4), (55 6±13 5), (13 6±5 0), (86 8±3 4), (37 6±25 6), respectively The differences among control and adriamycin treated groups were significant ( H= 35 1, P< 0 01); mesangial proliferation and matrix expansion significantly increased in the adriamycin treated rats, and were associated with significant tubulointerstitial injuries. The degree of glomerular injuries and extent of tubulointerstitial pathological change were more serious in high lipid diet groups than in regular diet groups; and compared with corresponding control groups, those in simvastatin treated groups were significantly less severe Conclusion In the adriamycin treated rats, high lipid diet may worsen, and simvastatin can ameliorate the renal histological injuries