Ultrastructure of basdiospores and sporoderm for the identification of Ganodermataceae were studied.The observation showed
that the basdiospores of Ganoderma lucidum and G.sinense were all ovoid under optical microscope,but these sporoderm (foveolate and grooved) were obviously different under scanning electron microscpe.There were some either distinct or blurred minute hollows or holes on the surface of the former's spores,with truncate apex or blunt taper,and with a size of 5 26-6 05 μm×7 89-8 68 μm;The latter were canaliculate and ridgy(varied in length) vertical ranged and several annular ripple around the surface,with umbilicate conveity and 6 84-7 37 μm×10 26-11 05 μm in size; there was a warty projecture(hilar appendix) near the base of their spores. There was a obvious hilum near the bottom of
endosporium of G.lucidum, corresponding with the hilum appendix on the exospore.Wall cracked spores(broken by ultrasonic vibrations) of G.Lucidum and G.sinense were used to study the
ultrastructure by electron probe technique(SEM and X ray EDS).Both of the spore walls were bitunicate,with pillars contacted inter exosporium and endosporium,and with a thickness of 0 8-1 1 μm for the former and 1 1-1 4 μm for the latter.X ray EDS anlystic results showed that at least 10 kinds of inor ganic elements(Mg,Al,Si,P,S,Cl,K,Ca,Fe,Ni,etc.)were checked out in the sporoderm of G.lucidum ,and Element Si(19.01%)and Ca(24.31%) made up the majority.An objective method for the differentiation of the Ganodermataceae was put forward,according to the difference of ultrastructure of basidiospores.