Objective To observe the effects of recombinant human growth hormone (rhGH) on enterogenous bacteria endotoxin translocation (EBET) after intestinal ischemia reperfusion injury (IIR) in rats. Methods Plasma level of endotoxin and TNFα in the portal and caval veins were measured with limulus amebocyte lysate test and radioimmunoassay respectively in the rats with IIR. The homogenate of the mesenteric lymph nodes, lungs, liver and kidneys were cultured to detect the existence of translocated bacteria. The data mentioned above were compared before and after the administration of rhGH. Results The administration of rhGH in the 3rd and 12th hour after IIR significantly decreased the plasma level of endotoxin and TNFα and the amount of the translocated bacteria in the mesenteric lymph nodes, lungs, liver and kidneys of the rats. Conclusion The administration of rhGH in the 3rd and 12th hour after IIR injury significantly decreased enterogenous bacteria endotoxin translocation after IIR injury in rats and consequently protected various internal organs from being damaged.