Objective To observe the effect of rosiglitazone on inflammatory factors in an apolipoprotein(apo)E knockout mouse model.Methods Eight-week-old apoE knockout mice were divided into rosiglitazone group(10 cases) and atherosclerosis(AS)group(10 cases).Wildtype mice were used as normal control group(10 cases).All mice were fed with normal chow diet.In addition to normal diet,rosiglitazone group received rosiglitazone 10mg/kg of body weight/d.After 12 weeks,aorta were used for histomorphometric analysis by means of HE.Vessel bloods were collected for plasma hs-CRP,MDA and SOD.Results Histomorphometric analysis showed that the area of atherosclerosis plaque in rosiglitazone group was significantly smaller than that in AS group.The plasm hs-CRP and MDA in rosiglitazone group were significantly lower than those in AS group while the plasma SOD in rosiglitazone group was higher than that in AS group.Conclusion Rosiglitazone can inhibit the development of atherosclerosis.The mechanism is related to modulation of inflammatory factors.Anti-inflammation is a potential way for controlling atherosclerosis.