Objective To observe the change of interleukins(IL)-1,IL-6 and tumor necrosis factor-alpha(TNF)-α in bone of ovariectomy rats and Influence of kidney invigoration drug. Methods Adult ovariectomized rats were used in this study as the model of postmenopausal osteoporosis.10 weeks after being fed with the drug of kidney invigoration,the general BMD of rats,the level of IL-1β,IL-6 and TNF-α in bone were tested.And the histological changes of bone were observed. Results Compared to the control group,the general BMD in the OVX was decreased significantly (P<0.01) while the level of IL-1β,IL-6 and TNF-α in bone increased significantly (P<0.05).The histological of bone reveald the trabecular became thinner and irregular;Compared with the OVX,the general BMD in treaded groups increased significantly (P<0.01) while the levels of IL-1β,IL-6 and TNF-α in bone decreased significantly (P<0.05). Conclusion The level of IL-1β,IL-6 and TNF-αin bone of ovariectomized rats were increased significantly.The drug of kidney invigoration can effectly prevent osteoporosis in female rats induced by ovariectomy.The therapeutic mechanism may be that it can reduce the level of IL-1β,IL-6 and TNF-α in bone and decrease bone lose.