Qualitative article critique on: ''Families speak about inpatient end-of live care'' Procedural rigor. The design used in the study is a ground theory design, as this method enabled them to draw out of the answers to the three open-ended the categories for the responses. the researches inspected a phenomena in other studies and in the clinical field and they believed that it requires a further research that will establish what they inspected and that it will come out with clinical application. The study took place in the metropolitan area of Portland, Oregon at three hospitals belonging to the Providence Health System. Those hospitals are part of Catholic integrated health system described in full detail in the paragraph called ''methods'' on page 2 of the article (original page 153) For the study, the authors selected families of deceased patient, who died in one of those three hospitals seven or nine weeks before the survey was sent out to them (page 3 (154)of the article) as they though it to be the right time, not too close to the death but still in the grieving process. The ethical decisions made for the study are explained on pages 2(153) and 3 (154) of the article. They were two: one was to keep the identity of the participant a secret, and the second was that their further contact with the Providence Health System would not be harmed if they decide not to participate. The authors of the study inform us on page 2(153) of the article that the their study was approved by the Providence Health System''s Portland Service Area Institutional Review Board.
A degree of trustworthiness was achieved by the fact that the two researchers, each one of them, reviewed the 855 surveys that were returned and compared the results derived from them with findings of other researches. The data, out of the 855 returned surveys, was collected by the two researches during the 28 month of the research. From those survey they established a list of categories (as mentioned in the article''s paragraph ''study process'' page 3 (154)) that allowed them to group together comments, written in the responses, that were alike. As the two researchers, each, reviewed the surveys, they compared the categorizations they derived from them they had to bridge the differences in their categorization of the comments and come to one term of nine categories for positive comments and seven for negative comments. Practicing nurses could have done the study too as they had only to write down the answers given in the questionnaires and with proper guidance interpret the results. As the study involves the deceased''s families there is no add workload. Practicing nurses might compromise the accuracy of data as they lack the knowledge of statistical techniques and data analysis.