Between one hundred and one hundred and forty millions of girls and womens in the world have been victims of sexual mutilation, from more of half past six millions live in the North countries, without links with religion, according a study of INED recently published. The sexual mutilation, to serious consequencies for physical and psychological health of womens, are praticed essentialy in sub-saharan Africa and some aeras of Midlle East ans of Asia of East South (Yemen, Indonesia and Malaisia). More of half past six millions of girls and womens excise live in the immigration country (Europe principaly). In africa, on which the study bring more particularly, twenty height countries pratice the mutilations, who go of partial excision of clitoris to the infibulation. But the numbers of womens excise variate much of one country to other, note the researcher of Institut national of demographical studies, Armelle Andro and Marie Lesclingand, of 1,4 per cent to Cameroun to ninety six per cent in Guinea. Often presente, like “the consequence of religious injunctions, notabily of the Islam, the pratical is praticed before the arrival in Africa of monotheist regilions and no regilious text don’t allow to justified that, indicate the authors. There aren’t of relation between the spread of the Islam in one country and the proportion of womens who are excise. In Ethiopia, the three quarters of womens then one third of the population is muslim, whereas to Nigera, two per cent of women are excise then that the country is amoslt whole muslim. Compared in Malia equaly muslim, where more of ninety per cent of womens are excise. The princpal factor of risk is the ethnic belonging and no the religion, the pratice of the excision scripting in the initiation ritual and the enter to adlut life.
To Senegal, for instance, the excision is praticed among the ethnic minorities (Peul, Toucouleurs, Sonikés, Malinkés) and not in the majority Wolofs tribute. The pratice re-back in the almost each countries since futher years, but slowly and folowing the actions of this state. It’s only in 2003, for the countries members of African Union sign a agreement forbidding the sexual mutilations. The laws exist in most of countries but not again rarely applicate. In france, a study estimate to some fifty thousand persons the number of adult womens excise in 2004 among the immigrate population of african origin, and don’t advance the figures concerning the under age, today victim of this mutilation in the origin countries. First european country to have lead an action before the justice, in 1979, against the excisor and the relative, the france stay shy on this subject, according Armelle Andro. ‘the excision is again wrong accept’, say her “no training isn’t for the doctor and midwife, which be out in term of awsers of care, of psychological advice. The reconstructive surgery, praticed in ten hopital and clinic, almost all placed in Paris, open the way from the reversibility of lesions. A national inquiry “Excision and handicap”, taking end in autumn 2008, will allow to better know the santinar consequence, social and psychological of mutilations and the proposition will be done for the assistance of womens mutilate in France.