The ante-concepcionais and
immunization of patients of reproductive age
are essential to prevent the risk of problems
for the fetus and the
pregnant. The vaccine against the types of human papilloma virus
(acronym in English, HPV) 16 and 18, primarily responsible for cancer
of the colon, uterus, should not be used by adult women in reproductive
age who have a positive result in testing for the HPV infection. The
immunization who is not infected accelerates the reduction of the virus
and is harmless as a form of treatment, showed a poll done between 2004
and 2005, with nearly 2,200 women from 18 to 25 years of two states of
Costa Rica who had a positive result for HPV infection. The results of
the study, conducted by Allan Hildesheim, INCA of the United States,
were published in the edition of 15 / 8 of JAMA for now and put an end
the discussion about the benefit of the vaccine for those who already
have the virus 16 and 18. But the concern with the HPV does not
exhaust the chapter on women''s adult immunization, especially
considering the pre-conception. It should be targeted to receive other
vaccines to prevent surprises during pregnancy, and not all The
doctors are updated on what''s important, really. The first step is to
determine whether the patient received all vaccines for routine and
recommend the application of doses of reinforcement. The second
involves assessment of the need for other vaccines, including against
human papilloma virus. Every woman in reproductive stage should take
the dTpa against diphtheria, tetanus and whooping cough, a triple viral
against measles, rubella and mumps; the pneumococcal; the meningococcal
C conjugate, and vaccines against hepatitis A, hepatitis B, hepatitis
C, influenza, varicella, yellow fever (in endemic regions), anger (when
necessary) than the anti-HPV vaccine. Before becoming pregnant, women
should be guided to make all called ante-concepcionais. They are the
exams that detect the diseases contracted in the past and that may mean
a risk to pregnancy, the development of the foetus or even to the very
woman during pregnancy, says Sérgio Peixoto, professor of Gynecology
and Obstetrics, Faculty of Medicine of the ABC. "The most important are
those of rubella if the patient has not yet had the disease, the
hepatitis A, B and C, even if the C represented no risk to the baby,
HIV and HPV. Edina these diseases for which no vaccine has is the HIV,
"says Peixoto. The main disease that special care should be taken
during pregnancy is the rubella. In adult non-pregnant women, rubella
is not a dangerous disease, but it is great risk in pregnancy. The
fetuses of mothers infected with rubella, especially in the first
trimester of pregnancy, can blind or born with cataracts, deaf, with
bad-formations in the heart and microcephaly. It is recommended that
implementation occurs at least three months before conception. The
immunization against hepatitis B and triple viral also should apply at
least three months before pregnancy. The same caution should be
observed in relation to the yellow fever vaccine in endemic areas. The
three bacterial, for diphtheria, tetanus and whooping cough, is also
important. Avoid the feared neonatal tetanus, still present in Brazil.
The newborn is infected seconds after delivery, when the umbilical cord
cut by instruments esterilizados.Para the non-pregnant. Pregnant women
who have not been vaccinated before the start of pregnancy deserve
special attention on the immunization therefore should not receive
certain vaccines, such as triple viral. The immunization for rubella,
included in the triple, contains attenuated virus, or still alive when
it is injected in the patient and may well cause some kind of
bad-training. Despite not represent lead to the risk of disease for
most people, the attenuated virus vaccines, are counter-indicated in
immunocompromised patients and pregnant women. What pregnant women caneive is the strengthening of dual vaccine for diphtheria and
tetanus, but not the triple bacterial. The women who are not up with a
triple bacterial should take the dual against diphtheria and tetanus to
prevent neonatal tetanus. Are necessary three doses of double, two
during pregnancy, and that the second should be given at least 30 days
before delivery, and the last after the birth of the baby. For future
mothers who took the last dose for over five years, it recommended a
booster dose during pregnancy. The varicella vaccine and yellow fever
are also contra-indicated, as they are made with live attenuated
viruses. A (SBIM) is to prevent the implementation of any vaccine in
the first trimester of pregnancy. HPV FOR ANY WOMAN Since 2006,
the gynaecologist has the vaccine for the human papilloma virus as a
further possibility of immunization which applies to all women who have
sexual activity, regardless of the desire of motherhood. Newton
Carvalho, the Department of Tocoginecologia (HCUFPR), which
participated in the research published in the English journal The
Lancet in 2004 on one of the vaccines then test against HPV, explains
that the virus is frequent. "It is estimated that approximately 70% of
the sexually active population have already provided with it, but in
80% of these people the virus is eliminated in a year," he says. The
two most dangerous types of HPV, 16 and 18, related to the cancer of
the cervix, ... (Matter in full on sites
www.revistapesquisamedica.com.br; http://tocadasinformacoes.blogspot.com)