Parkison desease, neurological chroniclal desease, of celebral origin, marked by the temble, a muscular rigidity
and of slow movements.
The desease obversed in the worldwide, touch more the mens and the womens. She begins to appear from fifty old year.
Cause and working
The Parkison desease has for working the degeneration of central grey nucleus (small symetric mass of grey matter of brain), the "locus niger". The nerve cells of this nucleus don''t neuro mediatory specific, the dopamin in sufficiantly quantity. The initial cause of this anomaly isn''t known. It seems that the game is enter in new phases following the factors link to the environnement. In more he exists a degre of transmission hereditery. This two elements aren''t inivitably contradictory : he is possible that one environnemental factor touch exclusively that on the fragiled persons by a genetical predisposition ,
Smyptom
The one of this symptom the most caracterized is a tremble to relax, persisting during the night and increase by the emotion. The second sign typical is the degeneration of volontary movement. The subjet as the face is more in more fixed ,do less movement (Akinésie) and wrote in cramped handwritting. "Micrography". The hypertense of mucles is feeling like permanency rigidity, a tendancy to resistance of movement, a gait to small and a curve of back of the spinal column.
Treatment
In the Parkisonian syndroms as we knew the cause, we try before all prescription to act on hers. The troubles constated by the neuroleptical, for instance, are reservible in stopping the treatement. The Parkinson desease releave almost exclusively one group of medecine more or less specifical, "antiParkinosian" , who are transformed the forcasts of the desease. The introduction of the "lévodopa" or L-dopa in the middle of sixties has permit a symptomatic relief at futher patients. The L-dopa is transformed in dopanim in the "Locus niger" ans take his place of neuro mediator absent. Nevertheless, afhter futher years of using, the L-Dopa reveal oneself less efficient and an other medicine must be administer. A IMAO ( inhibitory of the monoamin oxydase) largely very efficient , who is opposed to the degenaration of the dopamin. Other products such as : Bromocriptin, amantadin, piribelil and so on, are the "agonist dopaminergic are showed their utility in the relaxation of trembles.,and are prescribe alone or in association with the precedents. The ré-education is a indispensable complement when the motor troubles reach a certain intensity. Some rare form of Parkison desease, having a tremble in the same time interfer and restiting to medecines, benefit of one neurochirurgical treatment (destruction of one small part of brain). In 1987, the transplantation of cells of "medullosurrenal of embryo, secreting of the dopamin, in the brain of patient hit of Parkinson desease has been atempt for reduct the symptoms. However, the technic is again of experimental domain.