Blood Sugar Regulation Role of major hormones.
(i) Insulin: causes hypoglycemia severe hypoglycemia can lead to convulsion;
(a) glycogenolysis inhibited because phosphokinase activity and hence phosphorylase a formation inhibited
by insulin.
(b) glycogenesis stimulated
(c)gluconeogenesis inhibited.
Insulin also
(d) increases glucose entry
(e) prevents ketosis.
(2) Cortisol raises blood sugar by stimulating gluconeogenesis and reducing periopheral utilization (but it also increases hepatic glycogenesis).
(3) Glucagon causes increased glycogenolysis (only in liver) and gluconeogenesis
(4) Adrenalin increases glycogenolysis (muscle + liver). Lipolysis (which reduces glucose entry within cell) and gluconeogenesis.
(5) On the whole , thyroxine raises blood sugar.