Immunodeficiency infections. Ex AIDS infections. Ex AIDS
>Tumors; on the other hand, a hyperactive Tumors;
on the other hand, a hyperactive
immune system may cause fatal disease, as in immune system may cause fatal disease, as in
the case of an overwhelming allergic reaction to the case of an overwhelming allergic reaction to
the sting of a bee. the sting of a bee.
>The immune system may lose its normal The immune system may lose its normal
capacity to distinguish self from non capacity to distinguish self from non-self, self,
resulting in immune reactions against one's own resulting in immune reactions against one's own
tissues and cells ( tissues and cells ( autoimmunity
autoimmunity). Ex ITP ). Ex ITP
Immune system
> Responsible for safeguarding the body from Responsible for safeguarding the body from
disease causing microorganism. It is a part of a disease causing microorganism. It is a part of a
complex system of Host Defense complex system of Host Defense
> Host defense : Innate/natural and Host defense : Innate/natural and
acquired/adaptive acquired/adaptive
- Innate defense : physical (skin) and chemical Innate defense : physical (skin) and chemical
barriers ( barriers (Lysozyme Lysozyme found in mucus, saliva, tears found in mucus, saliva, tears
and and HCl HCl), complex defense, cells, and natural ), complex defense, cells, and natural
killer
lymphocyte. Innate
immunity is the first killer lymphocyte. Innate immunity is the first
line of defense, because it is always ready line of defense, because it is always ready
> Acquired defense : caused by foreigners Acquired defense : caused by foreigners
encounter the body ( virus or bacteria) encounter the body ( virus or bacteria)
Antigen >Substance can induce immune Substance can induce immune respons respons
> T and B lymphocyte have specific T and B lymphocyte have specific
receptors to specific antigen molecular receptors to specific antigen molecular
shapes ( shapes (epitop epitop)
> In B cells, the receptors are called by In B cells, the receptors are called by
antibody (an antibody (an immunoglobuline immunoglobuline)
> Hapten?Carrier Hapten?Carrier?