Heatstroke is a disorder that occurs when body-
temperature regulating mechanisms are overwhelmed by excessive heat or fail
in otherwise tolerable heat. Early nonspecific symptoms are faintness, dizziness, staggering, headache, dry skin, thirst, and nausea, which may be specifically related to heatstroke. Heatstroke is a medical
emergency when the victim is known to have been exposed to or undergone heavy exertion in excessive heat. As the condition progresses, effects on the central nervous system result in lethargy, confusion, agitation, and, in severe cases, coma and convulsions. In late stages sweating ceases. Death can result from heart failure. The body
temperature may be 40.5¡ C (105¡ F) or higher. Since the chances of recovery depend on the heat intensity and its duration, emergency treatment aims at maintaining circulation and lowering the body temperature as quickly as possible. These effects are achieved by applying wet towels and fanning, applying ice bags or by immersing the entire body in cold water. Heatstroke differs from heat exhaustion, which lacks elevated body temperature and is characterized by persistent and heavy sweating.