In medicine, the
term trauma was long applied to any serious body wounds or injuries, such as
severe bone fractures or losses of blood or tissue as a result of accidents (see shock). The term was then extended to include the mental
effects of such injuries. Trauma now most familiarly refers to the debilitating effects of major psychological upheavals in themselves, such as those resulting from severe
stress (see post-traumatic stress disorder; psychopathology).
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