As has long been known, for the purposes of running the entire body functions such as the energy required to move and work. Energy
that the body is obtained from the daily diet, especially from the
power source of nutrients are carbohydrates and fats (lipids). As
a source of energy, fat provides the highest calories, one gram of fat
produces 9 calories, while carbohydrates yield only 4 calories.
Fat
we eat is composed of cholesterol, saturated fats and unsaturated fats
are the functions and usefulness in the body is different. Cholesterol
is only found in foods of animal origin and high cholesterol content
found in fatty meats, brains, egg yolks, poultry skin, and viscera. While
plant derived foods such as coconut milk, coconut oil, palm oil, nuts
such as peanuts, as well as foods derived from vegetables and grains,
contain no cholesterol. Food was just contain saturated fats and unsaturated fats.
In contrast to dietary fats, then carbs are preferred as a source of food energy. Because, only carbohydrates from foods that can increase blood glucose levels. Glucose,
with the help of insulin, will enter the cell body and subsequently
processed into energy that will be used to run the whole body activity. Such as maintaining body temperature, energy to run, the strength to scream, and so on. If
for any reason, such as in patients with diabetes (diabetes mellitus),
which reduced insulin production or insulin are not able to work
optimally (insulin resistance occurs) then the high blood glucose levels
can not be inserted into cells to be processed into energy. As a result, the existing reserves of fat under the skin will be processed by the body to be burned to produce energy.
There are two types of carbohydrates, namely complex carbohydrates and simple carbohydrates. Called simple carbohydrates because it has a very simple chemical composition. When
the class of carbohydrates are consumed, the absorption from the
gastrointestinal tract and into the blood stream very quickly so that
the blood glucose level immediately shot up. Examples
of simple carbohydrates such as glucose, sugar, palm sugar, honey, as
well as processed products such as syrups, candies, jams, candied
fruits, lunkhead, gemblong, and so on. This
simple carbohydrate consumption should be limited, even in obese people
(obese) and certain diseases such as people with diabetes (diabetes
mellitus) and high blood triglyceride levels should be avoided. In complex carbohydrates, they contain elements of more, including fiber. Had a higher nutritional value because they contain more vitamins and minerals. Belonging
to class of complex carbohydrates include legumes, grains, tubers, and
vegetables such as rice, potatoes, sweet potatoes, bread, noodles, and
vermicelli. Class
of complex carbohydrates need to be digested first before finally being
absorbed and enter the bloodstream in the form of glucose. The
time needed to digest complex carbohydrates longer than simple
carbohydrates that increase blood glucose levels over a long time and
not jump at once.
The
energy produced by the body's cells from glucose before, if not fully
used then the excess will be processed into glycogen which is stored in
the liver, or into triglycerides that are deposited in fatty tissue
under the skin as the body's energy reserves.